GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES OF POVERTY AND FORMATION OF MIDDLE CLASS IN UKRAINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17721/2413-7154/2015.72.37-42Keywords:
middle class, poor, poverty, absolute poverty, relative poverty line, subjective povertyAbstract
Analysis of social and geographic aspects of the study of the middle class in Ukraine and government policy on poverty reduction is very important at current stage of social development. Although the problem of poverty in Ukraine gained official recognition after the approval of the Poverty Reduction Strategy by the Decree of President of Ukraine dated 15 August 2001 р. # 637/2001, significant results could not be reached. The heterogeneity of poverty and problems of the middle class depends on a number of factors resulting from regional conditions. Poverty as a socio-economic phenomenon is directly related to both the level of economic development and inequality in access to tangible and intangible benefits. Like poverty, the middle class is present in every modern society, but the difference lies in the degree of its uniformity, stability, scale, and role in society. The main features of the middle class are: the level of material wealth and consumption, education and professional qualification status, economic and social motivation, method and way of life, the ability to self-organize. The study bases on statistical information by Ukrainian regions related to assessment of relative poverty and poverty depth. Strong middle class cannot form while poverty increases. Therefore, the state policy targeting poverty in Ukraine should imply a certain system of measures aimed on the increase of GDP per capita and considered regional policy to eradicate regional poverty and to develop mechanisms of encouragement new jobs creating etc. Therefore, the problem of poverty reduction and formation of the middle class needs to be addressed by implementing strategic directions and improving regional policy. The formation of future strong middle class should associate with the prospects of poverty reduction programs in Ukraine. TO develop a powerful middle class in Ukraine, this process should be considered as an important component of the state social and economic policy.
References
Afanas'êva L., Peresun’ko M. et al. Bìdnìst’ v Ukraïnì : mìžnarodnij ta regìonal’nij vimìr. Materìali zasìdannâ kruglogo stolu «Realìï ta perspektivi podolannâ bìdnostì v Ukraïnì» [Poverty in Ukraine: international and regional dimension. Materials of the round table “Overcoming poverty in Ukraine: realities and prospects”]. Кyiv, 2010, 35 p. (In Ukrainian).
Anker R. Čerta bednosti v stranah mira: novaâ metodologiâ i sopostavimye ocenki [The poverty line in the countries of the world: a new methodology and comparable assessments]. Meždunarodnyj obzor truda [International labour review], Moscow, 2008, Vol. 144, No. 4. (In Russian).
Bodler Ì., Bugaênko Ê., Ârošenko G. Serednìj klas ì rìven’ dohodìv [The middle class and income level]. Pracâ ì zarplata [Labor and Salary], 2004, No. 16. (In Ukrainian).
Borec’ka N., Sozìnov O. Prìoritetnì naprâmi strategìï rozvitku seredn’ogo klasu u sučasnih umovah [Priority directions of middle class development strategy in modern conditions]. Ukraïna: aspekti pracì [Ukraine: aspects of labour], 2010, No. 3, pp. 46-51. (In Ukrainian).
Danilišin B. M. (ed.), Černûk L. G., Faŝevs’kij M. Ì. Socìal’no-ekonomìčnì problemi regìonìv: metodologìâ ì praktika [Socio-economic problems of regions: methodology and practice]. Cherkasy, 2013, 169 p. (In Ukrainian).
Ìŝuk S. Ì., Gaêvs’ka N. S., Mel’nik Ì. G. Bìdnìst’ âk socìal’no-ekonomìčna kategorìâ j ob’êkt doslìdžennâ suspìl’noï geografìï [Poverty as a socio-economic category and the object of human-geographical study]. Ekonomìčna ta socìal’na geografìâ [Economic and social geography], 2011, Vol. 62, pp. 56-64. (In Ukrainian).
Lìbanova E. Serednìj klas v Ukraïnì: sučasnì masštabi ì problemi rozvitku [The middle class in Ukraine: current scope and problems of development]. Ukraïna: aspekti pracì [Ukraine: aspects of labour], 2002, No. 8. (In Ukrainian).
Mezenceva N. Ì., Gnatûk O. M., Andrìânova V. M., Moroz V. O. Suspìl’no-geografìčnì doslìdžennâ formuvannâ seredn’ogo klasu v Ukraïnì [Human-geographical study of the middle class formation in Ukraine]. Ekonomìčna ta
socìal’na geografìâ [Economic and social geography], 2011, Vol. 62, pp. 169-177. (In Ukrainian).
Novìkova T. V. Bìdnìst’ v Ukraïnì [Poverty in Ukraine]. Access mode: http://cpr.org.ua/?pr=&&id+413. (In Ukrainian).
Postanova Kabìnetu Mìnìstrìv Ukraïni «Pro zatverdžennâ Deržavnoï cìl’ovoï socìal’noï programi podolannâ ta zapobìgannâ bìdnostì na perìod do 2015 roku» vìd 31 serpnâ 2011 roku # 1057 [The Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine “On approval of the State targeted social programme for overcoming and preventing poverty for
the period untill 2015” # 1057 dated 31 August 2011]. Access mode: http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1057-2011.
(In Ukrainian).
Sìtnìkova N. P. Realìï ta šlâhi podolannâ bìdnostì v Ukraïnì [Overcoming poverty in Ukraine: realities and directions]. Ekonomìka Ukraïni: ìnvesticìjno-ìnnovacìjnì problemi rozvitku. Kolektivna monografìâ [Ukrainian economy: investment and innovative development problems. Collective monograph] (Ed.: V. F. Besedìn, A. S. Muzičenko). Кyiv,
2012, pp. 123-131. (In Ukrainian).
Statističnij ŝorìčnik Ukraïni za 2013 rìk: Vitrati ì resursi domogospodarstv Ukraïni (za danimi vibìrkovogo obstežennâ umov žittâ domogospodarstv) [Statistical Yearbook of Ukraine 2013: expenditure and resources of households in Ukraine (according to a sample survey of household living conditions)]. Кyiv, State Statistics Service of Ukraine, 2014, 145 p. (In Ukrainian).
The State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Official site. Access mode: http://ukrstat.gov.ua
Ukaz Prezidenta Ukraïni «Pro Strategìû podolannâ bìdnostì» vìd 15 serpnâ 2001 roku # 637/2001 [Decree of the President of Ukraine «On the Strategy of poverty overcoming» # 637/2001 dated 15 August 2001]. Кyiv, 2001, 7 p. (In Ukrainian).
Vasil'čenko V., Ŝetinìna L. Osnovnì problemi formuvannâ seredn’ogo klasu v Ukraïnì [The main problems of middle class formation in Ukraine]. Ukraïna: aspekti pracì [Ukraine: aspects of labour], 2006, No. 3, pp. 31-35. (In Ukrainian).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Julia PEREGUDA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The article and any related published material are available under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right to publish the article.
